Yanshanian Mineralization of Zhaojinggou Nb-Ta Deposit, Inner Mongolia: Evidences from the Monazite and Zircon LA-MC-ICP-MS U-Pb and Biotite 40Ar-39Ar Geochronology
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摘要: 内蒙古武川县赵井沟铌钽矿是新近取得勘查突破的一例大型铌钽矿床.矿体赋存岩石为含天河石钠长花岗岩，其次为花岗细晶岩、云英岩及天河石花岗伟晶岩.运用LA-MC-ICP-MS法对矿区钠长花岗（细晶）岩脉、正长花岗岩中的独居石、锆石进行了U-Pb同位素年龄测定，同时对石英-黑云母脉中的黑云母进行了40Ar-39Ar定年.4件独居石的LA-MC-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄分别为124±2 Ma（MSWD=2.9，n=27）、124±3 Ma（MSWD=2.0，n=46）、121±1 Ma（MSWD=3.3，n=43）和124±2 Ma（MSWD=3.2，n=12），1件锆石的LA-MC-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄为125±1 Ma（MSWD=1.6，n=18）；黑云母40Ar-39Ar坪年龄为133.84±0.79 Ma（MSWD=3.31），40Ar/36Ar-39Ar/36Ar等时线年龄为134.55±0.79 Ma（MSWD=1.93），反等时线年龄为134.58±0.80 Ma（MSWD=1.99），这些年龄限定赵井沟铌钽矿形成于早白垩世.综合分析表明，燕山期是内蒙古地区重要的铌钽成矿期，赵井沟铌钽矿是燕山期伸展体制下构造岩浆活动的产物.Abstract: The Zhaojinggou Nb-Ta deposit is a newly explored large-scale deposit in Wuchuan County, Inner Mongolia. The Nb-Ta orebody is mainly hosted in the amazonite-bearing albite granite, and partly hosted in the granite aplite, greisen and amazonite granite pegmatite. In this paper, we use monazite and zircon LA-MC-ICP-MS U-Pb and biotite 40Ar-39Ar dating methods to constrain the mineralization age. Monazite LA-MC-ICP-MS U-Pb geochronological dating of four samples from granites yields ages of 124±2 Ma (MSWD=2.9, n=27), 124±3 Ma (MSWD=2.0, n=46), 121±1 Ma (MSWD=3.3, n=43) and 124±2 Ma (MSWD=3.2, n=12). One zircon sample from albite granite yields age of 125±1 Ma (MSWD=1.6, n=18). Meanwhile, biotite 40Ar-39Ar dating obtains the plateau age of 133.84±0.79 Ma (MSWD=3.31), isochron age of 134.55±0.79 Ma (MSWD=1.93) and reverse isochron age of 134.58±0.80 Ma (MSWD=1.99). Therefore, all these ages constrain that the ore-forming period of Zhaojinggou Nb-Ta deposit is Early Cretaceous. In conclusion, the Zhaojinggou deposit resulted from the tectonic-magmatic activities of extensional setting, and the Yanshanian Period is the main Nb-Ta metallogenic age in Inner Mongolia.
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图 1 内蒙古乌拉山-大青山一带地质矿产简图
图a据Zhao and Cawood(2012)修改；图b据王梁等(2015)修改
Fig. 1. Simplified geological map of the Wulashan-Daqingshan region, Inner Mongolia
图 2 内蒙古赵井沟铌钽矿区域地质简图
据内蒙古自治区第一地质矿产勘查开发院, 2013, 内蒙古自治区武川县赵井沟矿区铌钽矿详查报告修改
Fig. 2. Regional geological map of Zhaojinggou Nb-Ta deposit, Inner Mongolia
图 3 内蒙古赵井沟铌钽矿区地质图
据内蒙古自治区第一地质矿产勘查开发院, 2013, 内蒙古自治区武川县赵井沟矿区铌钽矿详查报告修改
Fig. 3. Geological map of Zhaojinggou Nb-Ta deposit, Inner Mongolia
图 4 赵井沟铌钽矿Ⅰ号勘探线剖面
据内蒙古自治区第一地质矿产勘查开发院, 2013, 内蒙古自治区武川县赵井沟矿区铌钽矿详查报告修改
Fig. 4. No.1 cross section of Zhaojinggou Nb-Ta deposit
图 5 赵井沟铌钽矿区代表性岩矿石照片
a.矿化钠长花岗岩；b.矿化钠长花岗细晶岩；c.矿化天河石伟晶岩；d.角砾岩；e.栓马庄组砂岩；f.栓马庄组砾岩；g.矿化钠长花岗岩中的石英-黑云母细脉和石英-天河石-白云母细脉；h.含黑钨矿石英脉；i.白垩纪正长花岗岩
Fig. 5. Photos of representative rocks and ores in the Zhaojinggou Nb-Ta deposit, Inner Mongolia
图 6 内蒙古赵井沟铌钽矿稀有稀土矿物显微照片
a.产于钠长花岗岩中的铌钽铁矿，边部被锆石浸蚀交代；b.钠长花岗岩中产于萤石边部的铌钽铁矿与磷钇矿呈共生关系；c.钠长石中铌钽铁矿交代锆石呈交代残余结构；d.产于石英脉中的粒状钽锡石；e.产于萤石中的独居石呈包含结构；f.产于钾长石内部和边部的氟碳铈矿与锆石、萤石呈共生关系；图中照片通过岛津EPMA-1600电子探针仪观测得到
Fig. 6. Micrographs of rare and REE minerals of Zhaojinggou Nb-Ta deposit, Inner Mongolia
图 7 赵井沟铌钽矿代表性独居石背散射图像(BSE)和锆石CL图像
Fig. 7. Representative BSE images of monazites and CL images of zircons from the Zhaojinggou Nb-Ta deposit
图 8 赵井沟铌钽矿独居石U-Pb年龄Tera-Wasserburg谐和图
Fig. 8. Tera-Wasserburg concordia diagrams for monazites from the Zhaojinggou Nb-Ta deposit
图 9 赵井沟铌钽矿钠长花岗岩样品锆石U-Pb年龄谐和图
Fig. 9. Zircon U-Pb concordia plots of the albite granite sample from the Zhaojinggou Nb-Ta deposit
图 10 赵井沟铌钽矿黑云母阶段升温年龄图谱
Fig. 10. 40Ar/39Ar age spectrum of biotite in the Zhaojinggou Nb-Ta deposit
图 11 赵井沟铌钽矿黑云母40Ar-39Ar等时线(a)和反等时线(b)年龄
Fig. 11. 40Ar/39Ar age isochron (a) and inverse isochron (b) diagrams of biotite in the Zhaojinggou Nb-Ta deposit
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