Geochronology, Geochemistry and Hf Isotopes of Fengzishan Pluton in South Qinling and Its Geological Significance
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摘要: 对南秦岭封子山岩体进行了锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学以及Hf同位素的研究，以确定其形成时代、岩体成因及形成时的构造环境.LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年测试结果表明，该岩体形成于新元古代晚期（716~710 Ma）.锆石Hf同位素分析显示εHf（t）为-3.16~1.17，二阶段模式年龄（TDM2）为1.84~1.52 Ga.地球化学特征显示封子山岩体具高硅（62.92%~73.57%）、高钠（3.33%~4.22%），富集轻稀土元素，富集K、Rb、Ba、Th、U等大离子亲石元素，亏损Nb、Ta、Ti、P等高场强元素的特征，Eu显示弱负异常（δEu=0.79~0.95），为准铝质-弱过铝质中钾钙碱性Ⅰ型花岗岩.结果表明，封子山岩体主要来源于陡岭群片麻岩的部分熔融.封子山岩体形成于裂谷扩张与小洋盆间杂并存的构造环境，是洋壳向陆壳俯冲作用的产物，可能是Rodinia超大陆聚合与裂解事件在该地区作用的响应.Abstract: This study presents zircon U-Pb dating, geochemistry and zircon Lu-Hf isotopic data for the Fengzishan granitic intrusion located in South Qinling to constrain its formation age, petrogenesis and tectonic setting. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating results suggest that the Fengzishan granitic intrusion was formed in Late Neoproterozoic (716-710 Ma). Zircon Hf isotopic data show the εHf(t) values of -3.16-1.17 and TDM2 values of 1.84-1.52 Ga. Geochemical characteristics show that they are high in silica (62.92%-73.57%) and Na (3.33%-4.22%) contents and relatively enriched in light rare earth elements (LREE) and large ion lithophile elements (LILE) (e.g. K, Rb, Ba, Th, U), poor in high field strength elements (HFSE) (Nb, Ta, Ti, P) and slightly negative Eu anomalies (δEu =0.79-0.95), displaying metaluminous to weak peraluminous and medium potassium calc-alkaline Ⅰ-type granites. These characteristics suggest that the magma was primarily derived from partial melting of gneiss of the Douling Group. The Fengzishan granitic intrusion was produced by subduction of oceanic crust into continental crust and was formed in the tectonic setting of rift expansion coexisting with small ocean basin.The formation of the Fengzishan granitoid was probably the response to the amalgamation and separation of the global Rodinia supercontinent.
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Key words:
- South Qinling /
- Fengzishan pluton /
- geochemistry /
- zircon geochronology /
- Lu-Hf isotope /
- tectonic setting
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图 1 东秦岭西峡地区地质简图(a)和陡岭群地质简图(b)
图a据杨斌虎等(2011)；图b据李淼(2003)
Fig. 1. Simplified geological map in the Xixia area of Eastern Qinling (a) and simplified geological map of the Douling Group (b)
图 2 封子山岩体显微图像
Pl.斜长石；Kfs.钾长石；Qtz.石英；Hbl.普通角闪石
Fig. 2. Microphotographs of the Fengzishan pluton
图 3 封子山岩体中代表性锆石颗粒CL图像
实圈为锆石U-Pb年龄剥蚀点，虚圈为Hf同位素分析点，图中数字分别为U-Pb年龄测定值(Ma)和εHf(t)值
Fig. 3. CL images of zircons of the Fengzishan pluton
图 5 封子山岩体中锆石的(176Hf/177Hf)i-U-Pb年龄图
Fig. 5. Plot of (176Hf/177Hf)i vs.U-Pb ages for zircons of the Fengzishan pluton
图 6 封子山花岗岩TAS图解
据Middlemost(1994)；文献1数据来源于李淼(2003)，文献2数据来源于Zhang et al.(2004)，下同
Fig. 6. TAS classification diagram for granitoids of the Fengzishan pluton
图 7 封子山花岗岩类SiO2-K2O图解(a)和A/CNK-A/NK图解(b)
图a据Peccerillo and Taylor(1976); 图b据Pearce et al.(1984)
Fig. 7. SiO2-K2O diagram (a) and A/CNK-A/NK diagram (b) for the Fengzishan pluton
图 8 稀土模式配分图(a)和微量元素蛛网图(b)
封子山的数据来源为李淼(2003)和Zhang et al.(2004)；陡岭群的数据来源为赵子然等(1995)、张寿广等(2004)和Shi et al.(2013)；球粒陨石和原始地幔标准化值引自Sun and McDonough(1989)
Fig. 8. REE patterns (a) and spider diagram(b)
图 9 封子山花岗岩成因系列Na2O-K2O图解
Fig. 9. Na2O-K2O diagram for granitoids of the Fengzishan pluton
图 10 Rb-(Y+Nb)判别图(a)和Nb-Y判别图(b)
据Pearce et al.(1984).Syn-COLG.同碰撞型花岗岩；VAG.火山弧型花岗岩；WPG.板内型花岗岩；ORG.洋脊型花岗岩
Fig. 10. Rb-(Y+Nb) diagram of the granite (a) and Nb-Y factor diagram of the granites (b)
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