浙江江山五家垄断层泥的矿物组成及Fe化学种分布特征:对断层活动性质的启示

王超; 黎广荣; 郭福生; 郭超; 戴加祺

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2017.620

浙江江山五家垄断层泥的矿物组成及Fe化学种分布特征:对断层活动性质的启示

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.620

王超^1,,
黎广荣^1,2, ,,
郭福生¹,
郭超¹,
戴加祺¹

1.
东华理工大学放射性地质与勘探技术国防重点学科实验室, 江西南昌 330013
2.
南京大学内生金属矿床成矿机制研究国家重点实验室, 江苏南京 210093

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 41572185

国家自然科学基金项目 41402028

详细信息

作者简介:
王超(1992-), 男, 硕士研究生, 地质资源与地质工程专业, 主要从事构造地质学、地球化学研究工作

通讯作者:
黎广荣

中图分类号: P59;P54
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-12-01
- 刊出日期: 2019-02-15

Mineral Association and Iron Species in Wujialong Fault of Jiangshan, Zhejiang Province: Implications for Fault Activity

1.
Fundamental Science on Radioactive Geology and Exploration Technology Laboratory, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
2.
State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China

摘要

摘要: 由于房屋建设开挖，浙江省江山市五家垄出露6条新鲜小断层，属于江绍断裂的次级组成部分.结合野外地质勘查，运用粉晶X射线衍射和穆斯堡尔谱技术对五家垄断层的3条小断层（F1、F2与F3）的断层泥和断层围岩进行矿物组成和铁元素化学种分布特征的对比分析与研究发现：断层围岩与断层泥的矿物成分主要为石英和黏土矿物，还含有少量钠长石和方解石，其中黏土矿物以伊利石、伊蒙混层和高蒙混层为主，还含有少量的绿泥石、高岭石和极少量的蒙脱石和蛭石；除采自F2断层的JS07样品外，断层围岩中造岩矿物含量高于断层泥，而断层泥黏土含量高于断层围岩；F1断层泥黏土矿物只有伊利石，显示断层带内为一个相对稳定的环境，F2与F3断层泥中伊利石含量低于断层围岩，蒙脱石、伊蒙混层含量高于断层围岩，指示其处于一个潮湿、强氧化环境；F1断层围岩高含量的还原性铁指示断层围岩形成的过程中有还原性物质的参与或者处于相对封闭的环境，F1、F3断层泥与F3上盘高含量的氧化铁亦说明F1、F3断层近期不活跃或者是块体内断层；断层带内黏土矿物的类型及组合与断层带内的氧化还原环境显示五家垄断层处于相对稳定的环境，但断层带内伊利石含量较高，有利于断层活动，五家垄断层的活动性与发震可能性应引起重视.
- 江山 /
- 断层泥 /
- 粉晶X射线衍射 /
- 穆斯堡尔谱 /
- 铁化学种 /
- 矿物学
Abstract: As a result of the excavation of building construction, 6 small size fresh faults exposed in Wujialong of Jiangshan City, Zhejiang Province, which was sub-branch of Jiangshao fault. Field geological survey, X-ray powder diffraction and Mössbauer spectroscopy were used to study the mineral composition and iron species of fault gouges and wall rocks of 3 small faults (F1, F2 and F3) in Wujialong fault. After comparative analysis and research we found that:(1) The wall rocks and fault gouges are mainly composed of quartz and clay minerals, and also contain a small amount of albite and calcite. The clay minerals are mainly composed of illite and IS layer, and also contain small amount of chlorite, kaolinite and KS layer and trace amount of montmorillonite and vermiculite. (2) Except the JS07 sample, the rock forming minerals content is higher than that of fault gouges whereas to the clay content in fault gouges is higher than that of wall rocks. (3) Clay mineral in F1 fault is dominated by illite, indicating a relative stable environment. The content of illite in F2 and F3 fault gouges are lower than that in wall rocks, montmorillonite and IS layer is higher than that in wall rocks, indicating that it was formed in wet, strong oxidizing environment. (4) The high content of reduced iron of wall rocks in F1 may suggest that the formation of wall rocks is involved in the process of reducing substances, the high levels of oxidized iron of F1, F3 fault zone and F3 hanger, indicating either F1, F3 faults are inactive and/or they are inner-block fault. (5) The types and association of clay minerals in the fault zone and the redox environment generally show that the Wujialong fault is in a relatively stable environment, however, the content of illite in the fault zone is high, which is conducive to the fault activity. The activity of Wujialong fault and the possibility of earthquake should be taken into consideration seriously.
- Jiangshan /
- fault gouge /
- X-ray powder diffraction /
- Mössbauer spectroscopy /
- iron species /
- mineralogy

HTML全文

图 1 浙西皖南及其邻区大地构造区划(a)与浙江江山构造纲要图(b)

a：①江山-绍兴深断裂；②开化-临安深断裂；③浙皖赣断裂；④江南深断裂；b：1.震旦系；2.寒武-奥陶系；3.石炭-二叠系；4.白垩系；5背斜；6.向斜；7.硅化带和硅化角砾岩；8.逆断层；9.平移断层；10.性质不明断层；11.不整合线；12.花岗岩；据郭福生(2014)

Fig. 1. Schematic showing tectonic position (a) and structural geologic map of Jiangshan area (b)

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图 2 五家垄断层野外露头

a.断层面及采样点；b.黑色断层泥出现在土黄色断层泥中

Fig. 2. Outcrop of Wujialong fault

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图 3 断层泥及围岩全岩粉晶X射线衍射谱图

Qtz.石英；Ab.钠长石；Cal.方解石

Fig. 3. All-crystal X-ray power diffraction spectra of minerals from wall rocks and fault gouge

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图 4 断层泥及围岩定向片粉晶X射线衍射谱图

AR.自然干燥片；EG.乙二醇饱和片；K+H300.钾饱和300度加热片，红线为11点平滑曲线

Fig. 4. Oriented thin section X-ray power diffraction spectra of minerals from wall rocks and fault gouge

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图 5 断层泥和断层围岩样品主要黏土矿物含量变化

Fig. 5. Variation of main clay minerals content of fault gouges and fault rocks

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图 6 F1、F3断层泥与断层围岩穆斯堡尔谱图

paraFe³⁺为顺磁性高价铁；paraFe²⁺为顺磁性低价铁

Fig. 6. Mössbauer spectrum for fault gouges and fault rocks of F1 and F3

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图 7 五家垄断层泥和断层围岩样品铁化学种分布

Fig. 7. Iron species distribution of of the fault gouge and wallrock of Wujialong fault

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表 1 研究样品描述及采样位置

Table 1. Petrological properties and locations of the samples

样品编号	样品描述	采样位置	样品类型
JS01	黄绿色泥岩	F1断层上盘	断层围岩
JS02-1	土黄色断层泥	F1断层带内	断层泥
JS02-2	黑色断层泥	F1断层带内	断层泥
JS02-3	土黄色断层泥	F1断层带内	断层泥
JS03	墨绿色泥岩	F1断层下盘	断层围岩
JS06	灰绿色泥岩	F2断层上盘	断层围岩
JS07	黑色断层泥	F2断层带内	断层泥
JS08	土黄色泥岩	F2断层下盘	断层围岩
JS09	黄绿色泥岩	F3断层下盘	断层围岩
JS10	土黄色断层泥	F3断层带内	断层泥
JS11	黄绿色-灰绿色泥岩	F3断层上盘	断层围岩

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表 2 五家垄断层泥、断层围岩样品中的主要矿物(%)

Table 2. Major minerals in the fault gouge and wallrock of Wujialong fault (%)

样品号	样品类型	石英	钠长石	方解石	黏土
JS01	断层围岩	47	12	0	41
JS02-1	断层泥	13	0	0	87
JS02-2	断层泥	35	0	0	65
JS03	断层围岩	41	11	1	47
JS06	断层围岩	39	15	0	46
JS07	断层泥	66	4	0	30
JS08	断层围岩	37	7	0	56
JS09	断层围岩	39	10	0	51
JS10	断层泥	25	4	0	71
JS11	断层围岩	26	5	0	69

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表 3 五家垄断层泥、断层围岩样品中的主要黏土矿物组成(%)

Table 3. Principal clay compositions of fault gouge and wallrock of Wujialong fault (%)

样品号	样品类型	伊利石	绿泥石	伊蒙混层	高岭石	蒙脱石	高蒙混层	蛭石
JS01	断层围岩	64	21	10	5	0	0	0
JS02-1	断层泥	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
JS02-2	断层泥	100	0	0	0	0	0	0
JS03	断层围岩	62	25	11	2	0	0	0
JS06	断层围岩	56	26	14	4	0	0	0
JS07	断层泥	36	0	36	7	3	17	1
JS08	断层围岩	55	0	25	2	1	17	1
JS09	断层围岩	63	0	18	2	2	14	1
JS10	断层泥	41	0	46	3	1	9	0
JS11	断层围岩	64	0	27	2	1	6	0

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表 4 F1、F3断层泥与断层围岩穆斯堡尔谱参数及各种铁化学种的相对含量

Table 4. Parameters of Mössbauer spectrum and relative contents of iron species in fault gouges and fault rocks of F1 and F3

样品号	岩性	铁化学种	相对含量(100%)	IS(mm·s^-1)	QS(mm·s^-1)	HW(mm·s^-1)	Hi(T)	Fe²⁺/Fe³⁺
F1断层

		paraFe²⁺	54.30±0.26	1.132 0±0.015 0	2.656±0.029	0.191 0±0.012 0	-
JS01	断层围岩	paraFe³⁺	17.00±0.16	0.381 0±0.069 0	1.040±0.230	0.239 0±0.099 0	-	1.180
		paraFe³⁺	29.00±0.14	0.349 0±0.018 0	0.530±0.084	0.205 0±0.051 0	-
		paraFe²⁺	11.10±0.29	1.120 0±0.067 0	2.820±0.120	0.318 0±0.100 0	-
JS02-2	断层泥	paraFe³⁺	25.00±0.25	0.362 5±0.007 6	0.483±0.046	0.141 0±0.052 0	-	0.125
		paraFe³⁺	64.00±0.27	0.367 4±0.007 7	0.800±0.130	0.256 0±0.020 0	-
		paraFe²⁺	24.50±0.22	1.133 0±0.033 0	2.697±0.065	0.215 0±0.027 0	-
JS02-3	断层泥	paraFe³⁺	33.00±0.17	0.370 0±0.033 0	1.050±0.170	0.261 0±0.046 0	-	0.322
		paraFe³⁺	43.00±0.16	0.356 4±0.008 6	0.585±0.045	0.192 0±0.027 0	-
		paraFe²⁺	63.30±0.17	1.123 3±0.005 8	2.650±0.011	0.185 3±0.006 6	-
JS03	断层围岩	paraFe³⁺	12.00±0.11	0.404 0±0.053 0	1.000±0.150	0.221 0±0.097 0	-	1.711
		paraFe³⁺	25.00±0.11	0.347 0±0.017 0	0.556±0.073	0.211 0±0.042 0	-
F3断层

		paraFe²⁺	29.60±0.22	1.125 0±0.014 0	2.701±0.028	0.203 0±0.020 0	-
JS09	断层围岩	paraFe³⁺	44.00±0.27	0.365 0±0.016 0	0.880±0.190	0.274 0±0.036 0	-	0.417
		paraFe³⁺	27.00±0.25	0.356 0±0.011 0	0.520±0.066	0.168 0±0.054 0	-
		paraFe²⁺	11.36±0.19	1.102 0±0.025 0	2.767±0.050	0.180 0±0.036 0	-
JS-10	断层泥	paraFe³⁺	43.32±0.18	0.362 3±0.005 1	0.482±0.037	0.154 0±0.023 0	-	0.128
		paraFe³⁺	45.32±0.20	0.362 5±0.007 9	0.834±0.099	0.217 0±0.026 0	-
注：paraFe³⁺为顺磁性高价铁；paraFe²⁺为顺磁性低价铁；IS.同质异能移动；QS.四极分裂；HW.半线宽; Hi.磁超精细场强度.

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