西藏努日晚白垩世埃达克岩:洋脊俯冲的产物

代作文; 李光明; 丁俊; 黄勇; 曹华文

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2018.230

西藏努日晚白垩世埃达克岩:洋脊俯冲的产物

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2018.230

1.
成都理工大学地球科学学院, 四川成都 610059
2.
中国地质调查局成都地质调查中心, 四川成都 610081

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划项目 2016YFC0600308

中国地质调查局项目 DD20160015

详细信息

作者简介:
代作文(1988-), 男, 博士研究生, 主要从事青藏高原地质矿产勘查评价研究

中图分类号: P597
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-03-12
- 刊出日期: 2018-08-15

Late Cretaceous Adakite in Nuri Area, Tibet: Products of Ridge Subduction

1.
College of Earth Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
2.
Chengdu Center of China Geological Survey, Chengdu 610081, China

摘要

摘要: 前人对冈底斯带晚白垩世埃达克岩的成因和地球动力学背景存在不同的认识.对努日地区的石英闪长玢岩开展了锆石U-Pb年代学、全岩地球化学及Hf同位素研究.结果表明，努日石英闪长玢岩侵位于96.5±1.3 Ma，以高SiO₂（63.96%~65.75%）、Al₂O₃（14.37%~15.99%）、MgO（2.12%~2.39%）、Sr（362×10^-6~575×10^-6，平均为467×10^-6）含量，低Y（8.94×10^-6~11.50×10^-6）、Yb（0.81×10^-6~1.06×10^-6）含量及高Sr/Y比值（33.52~60.65）为特征，显示埃达克岩地球化学特征.岩石属低钾-中钾钙碱性准铝质花岗岩（A/CNK=0.81~0.96），富集LREE、亏损HREE，富集大离子亲石元素（LILE）、亏损高场强元素（HFSE），无明显负Eu异常.锆石ε_Hf（t）值为-0.3~+15.2（主要为+10.0~+15.2），二阶段模式年龄t_DM2为187~1 173（主要为187~516 Ma），表明源区以俯冲洋壳为主，并可能卷入了少量俯冲沉积物.岩石具有较高的Mg^#值和相容元素Cr、Ni含量，表明熔体在上升过程中与地幔发生了相互作用.通过与南冈底斯典型埃达克岩对比，认为努日石英闪长玢岩是在洋脊俯冲背景下、穿过板片窗的高热流导致板片窗边缘的洋壳（及少量俯冲沉积物）部分熔融形成的.
- 西藏 /
- 南冈底斯 /
- 努日 /
- 晚白垩世 /
- 埃达克岩 /
- 洋脊俯冲 /
- 地球化学 /
- 地质年代学
Abstract: There are different understandings of the genesis and geodynamic mechanism for the Late Cretaceous adakite of the Gangdese belt.In this paper, we present zircon U-Pb data, geochemical and Hf isotopic data for the quartz diorite porphyry from Nuri area.The results show that the quartz diorite porphyry was emplaced at 96.5±1.3 Ma.These rocks are characterized by high SiO₂(63.96%-65.75%), Al₂O₃(14.37%-15.99%), MgO (2.12%-2.39%), Sr (362×10^-6-575×10^-6, 467×10^-6 on average), low Y (8.94×10^-6-11.50×10^-6), Yb (0.81×10^-6-1.06×10^-6) and high Sr/Y ratio (33.52-60.65), implying adakitic geochemical features.These rocks are low to medium-K, calc-alkaline and metalumious.They are enriched in LREE and depleted in HREE, together with enrichment in large-ion lithophile elements (LILE) and depletion in high field strength elements (HFSE), as well as small negative Eu anomalies.ε_Hf(t) values of zircons range from -0.3 to +15.2 (mainly between +10.0 and +15.2), with t_DM2 ranging from 187 Ma to 1 173 Ma (mainly from 187 Ma to 516 Ma), which indicates that the sources of these rocks were derived from subducted oceanic crust probably with a minor proportion of subducted sediments.High Mg^# and compatible element Cr and Ni indicate that the melts have interacted with the mantle during ascent.By comparing with adakitic rocks from South Gangdese, we propose that high heat flow through a slab window induced partial melting of the oceanic crust at slab window edges to form the quartz diorite porphyry from Nuri, under the geodynamic setting of ridge subduction.
- Tibet /
- southern Gangdese /
- Nuri /
- Late Cretaceous /
- adakite /
- ridge subduction /
- geochemistry /
- geochronology

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图 1 青藏高原及冈底斯构造简图(a、b)和努日地区地质简图(c)

图a、b据朱弟成等(2009)修改；图c据Chen et al.(2015).图a中年龄数据来源：96 Ma(Zheng et al., 2014)；137 Ma(Zhu et al., 2009)；84~78 Ma(管琪等，2010)；80~83 Ma(Wen et al., 2008)；92 Ma(梁华英等，2010；赵珍等，2013).BNSZ.班公湖-怒江缝合带；YZSZ.雅鲁藏布缝合带；NG.北冈底斯；MG.中冈底斯；GRUB.冈底斯弧背断隆带；SG.南冈底斯

Fig. 1. Tectonic sketch of the Gangdese and Tibet Plateau (a, b) and geological map of the Nuri region (c)

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图 2 努日晚白垩世石英闪长玢岩野外及显微照片(正交偏光)

Pl.斜长石；Am.角闪石；Chl.绿泥石

Fig. 2. Field and petrographical photos of the Late Cretaceous quartz diorite porphyrite in Nuri

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图 3 努日石英闪长玢岩典型锆石的阴极发光图像(a)和锆石U-Pb年龄谐和图(b)

图a中实线圆圈为U-Pb测年靶点，虚线圆圈为Hf同位素靶点

Fig. 3. Cathodoluminescence images of representative zircons (a) and U-Pb concordia diagram (b) of quartz diorite porpyrite in Nuri

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图 4 努日石英闪长玢岩TAS图解(a)和A/NK-A/CNK判别图解(b)

图a据Middlemost (1994); 图b据Maniar and Piccoli (1989).Ir.Irvine分界线，上方为碱性，下方为亚碱性.1.橄榄辉长岩；2a.碱性辉长岩；2b.亚碱性辉长岩；3.辉长闪长岩；4.闪长岩；5.花岗闪长岩；6.花岗岩；7.硅英岩；8.二长辉长岩；9.二长闪长岩；10.二长岩；11.石英二长岩；12.正长岩；13.副长石辉长岩；14.副长石二长闪长岩；15.副长石二长正长岩；16.副长正长岩；17.副长深成岩；18.霓方钠岩/磷霞岩/粗白榴岩

Fig. 4. TAS diagram (a) and A/NK-A/CNK diagram (b) of quartz diorite porpyrite in Nuri

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图 5 努日石英闪长玢岩K₂O-SiO₂图解(a)和MgO-SiO₂图解(b)

图a据Peccerillo and Taylor (1976)和le Maitre (2002); 图b据管琪等(2010)

Fig. 5. Plots of K₂O-SiO₂ (a) and MgO-SiO₂ (b) of quartz diorite porpyrite in Nuri

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图 6 努日石英闪长玢岩稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分模式(a)及微量元素原始地幔标准化蛛网图(b)

图a据McDonough and Sun (1995); 图b据Sun and McDonough (1989).俯冲洋壳部分熔融(92~137 Ma)数据引自Zhu et al.(2009)、赵珍等(2013)和Zheng et al.(2014); 下地壳部分熔融(78~84 Ma)数据引自Wen et al.(2008)和管琪等(2010)

Fig. 6. Chondrite-normalized REE pattern (a) and primitive mantle-normalized trace element spider diagram (b) for quartz diorite porpyrite in Nuri

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图 7 努日石英闪长玢岩Sr/Y-Y判别图(a)和(La/Yb)_N-Yb_N判别图(b)

据Defant and Drummond (1990)；Martin et al.(2005).图例同图 4

Fig. 7. Discrimination diagrams of Sr/Y-Y (a) and (La/Yb)_N-Yb_N (b) of quartz diorite porpyrite in Nuri

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图 8 努日晚白垩世石英闪长玢岩中的锆石¹⁷⁶Hf/¹⁷⁷Hf-¹⁷⁶Lu/¹⁷⁷Hf(a)及ε_Hf(t)-t(b)图解

Fig. 8. Diagrams of zircon ¹⁷⁶Hf/¹⁷⁷Hf - ¹⁷⁶Lu/¹⁷⁷Hf (a) and ε_Hf(t)-t (b) for Late Cretaceous quartz diorite porphyrite in Nuri

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图 9 努日石英闪长玢岩La/Yb-La图解

据Chung et al.(2009)

Fig. 9. La/Yb-La discrimination diagram for quartz diorite porpyrite in Nuri

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表 1 努日石英闪长玢岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年结果

Table 1. Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating results of quartz diorite porphyrite in Nuri

样品	元素含量(10^-6)			Th/U	同位素比值						年龄(Ma)
样品	Pb	Th	U	Th/U	²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb	1σ	²⁰⁷Pb/²³⁵U	1σ	²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U	1σ	²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb	1σ	²⁰⁷Pb/²³⁵U	1σ	²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U	1σ
NR4107-01	1.23	48.07	64.30	0.75	0.036 22	0.018 82	0.099 20	0.030 36	0.015 12	0.000 64			96	28	97	4
NR4107-02	4.75	364.29	196.99	1.85	0.055 02	0.017 82	0.099 74	0.029 95	0.015 19	0.000 58	413	596	97	28	97	4
NR4107-03	1.26	116.20	103.63	1.12	0.000 00	0.000 00	0.098 59	0.036 73	0.014 96	0.000 97			95	34	96	6
NR4107-04	1.57	68.31	73.90	0.92	0.039 33	0.011 79	0.100 87	0.022 14	0.015 13	0.000 51			98	20	97	3
NR4107-05	1.55	72.26	84.08	0.86	0.033 04	0.016 04	0.121 07	0.039 61	0.014 72	0.000 51			116	36	94	3
NR4107-06	1.10	38.04	60.32	0.63	0.067 21	0.027 80	0.102 01	0.032 81	0.015 14	0.000 65	844	684	99	30	97	4
NR4107-07	1.94	106.21	97.18	1.09	0.039 64	0.013 67	0.096 00	0.022 65	0.014 99	0.000 61			93	21	96	4
NR4107-08	4.74	166.82	217.44	0.77	0.012 35	0.005 05	0.097 46	0.013 78	0.015 39	0.000 36			94	13	98	2
NR4107-09	1.36	57.00	73.93	0.77	0.033 22	0.024 51	0.100 58	0.046 58	0.015 23	0.000 74			97	43	97	5
NR4107-10	3.32	145.86	177.38	0.82	0.030 17	0.012 27	0.133 71	0.028 34	0.020 93	0.000 92			127	25	134	6
NR4107-11	1.67	74.96	84.88	0.88	0.050 60	0.016 69	0.098 02	0.022 02	0.014 83	0.000 57	233	622	95	20	95	4
NR4107-12	1.23	46.37	67.54	0.69	0.049 38	0.010 34	0.098 18	0.021 51	0.014 87	0.000 61	165	430	95	20	95	4
NR4107-13	3.42	140.79	175.06	0.80	0.048 62	0.010 94	0.098 03	0.017 97	0.015 01	0.000 33	128	459	95	17	96	2
NR4107-14	13.98	98.13	97.68	1.00	0.008 78	0.004 11	0.096 78	0.015 89	0.015 11	0.000 47			94	15	97	3
NR4107-15	1.70	78.56	88.72	0.89	0.046 30	0.012 68	0.097 10	0.028 73	0.014 86	0.000 44	13	552	94	27	95	3
NR4107-16	5.37	211.28	257.19	0.82	0.033 74	0.004 36	0.097 45	0.007 35	0.015 13	0.000 40			94	7	97	3
NR4107-17	3.31	159.61	178.81	0.89	0.046 48	0.006 95	0.094 71	0.016 95	0.015 01	0.000 41	33	313	92	16	96	3
NR4107-18	1.53	69.64	84.24	0.83	0.034 59	0.009 39	0.101 30	0.027 57	0.015 36	0.000 39			98	25	98	2
NR4107-19	0.62	75.57	97.11	0.78	0.007 99	0.003 92	0.097 61	0.013 72	0.015 16	0.000 29			95	13	97	2
NR4107-20	1.52	62.38	87.12	0.72	0.046 84	0.008 42	0.094 91	0.016 75	0.014 70	0.000 39	43	391	92	16	94	2

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表 2 努日石英闪长玢岩主量元素(%)和微量元素(10^-6)分析结果

Table 2. Major elements (%) and trace elements (10^-6) results of quartz diorite porpyrite in Nuri

样号	NR01	NR02	NR03	NR04
SiO₂	64.76	65.75	63.96	65.40
Al₂O₃	15.45	14.37	15.99	15.51
MgO	2.19	2.39	2.12	2.27
CaO	5.71	6.91	5.60	6.82
Na₂O	2.65	2.46	3.01	2.02
K₂O	1.25	1.02	1.40	0.95
MnO	0.05	0.05	0.06	0.04
TiO₂	0.56	0.54	0.58	0.60
P₂O₅	0.22	0.22	0.23	0.23
Fe₂O₃	1.19	0.95	1.65	1.00
FeO	2.36	2.21	1.93	1.86
LOI	2.78	2.30	2.69	2.48
SUM	99.17	99.16	99.21	99.18
TFe₂O₃	3.81	3.40	3.79	3.06
Na₂O+K₂O	3.90	3.48	4.41	2.97
K₂O/Na₂O	0.47	0.41	0.47	0.47
A/CNK	0.96	0.81	0.96	0.92
A/NK	2.70	2.79	2.47	3.57
Mg^#	48.13	51.96	52.35	54.96
Li	21.30	8.15	14.50	16.60
Be	2.29	2.05	1.54	2.82
Sc	9.41	8.72	8.54	10.30
V	87.30	87.50	90.20	85.20
Cr	34.10	29.80	37.60	39.50
Co	11.30	12.60	11.60	13.60
Ni	19.00	17.40	19.10	18.50
Cu	3 556.00	3 426.00	2 251.00	4 312.00
Zn	129.00	82.90	73.10	96.10
Ga	16.50	14.90	16.50	16.10
Rb	107.00	92.20	115.00	90.80
Sr	477.00	455.00	575.00	362.00
Mo	64.40	349.00	13.70	71.50
Cd	0.97	1.77	0.52	1.13
In	0.14	0.11	0.09	0.17
Sb	28.00	0.83	0.42	0.41
P	969.30	938.73	982.39	1 021.69
Nd	19.50	22.30	21.00	22.20
Cs	7.06	7.48	8.06	6.56
Ba	209.00	139.00	221.00	120.00
La	23.10	26.80	24.60	26.50
Ce	42.50	48.40	44.70	48.20
Pr	5.14	5.73	5.33	5.80
Sm	3.31	3.93	3.53	3.87
Eu	0.72	0.93	0.96	1.46
Gd	2.28	3.25	2.33	2.82
Tb	0.37	0.56	0.40	0.45
Dy	2.02	2.40	1.78	2.29
Ho	0.33	0.44	0.33	0.37
Er	0.88	1.11	0.80	1.02
Tm	0.14	0.17	0.15	0.19
Yb	0.81	1.05	0.84	1.06
Lu	0.12	0.16	0.12	0.15
Y	8.94	11.50	9.48	10.80
W	44.10	28.40	7.57	16.40
Re	0.03	0.08	0.01	0.03
Tl	0.92	0.79	1.10	0.83
Pb	9.04	7.77	9.66	7.66
Bi	0.60	0.46	0.75	0.57
Th	5.52	5.81	6.21	5.51
U	1.68	2.48	1.80	2.27
Nb	4.80	4.99	4.70	5.26
Ta	0.33	0.35	0.32	0.34
Zr	136.00	131.00	133.00	145.00
Hf	3.30	3.20	3.19	3.78
∑REE	101.22	117.23	106.87	116.38
LREE	94.27	108.09	100.12	108.03
HREE	6.95	9.13	6.75	8.35
LREE/HREE	13.56	11.84	14.83	12.94
(La/Yb)_N	19.35	17.34	20.01	16.98
δEu	0.76	0.77	0.96	1.29
δCe	0.91	0.90	0.90	0.90
Y/Yb	11.02	10.95	11.35	10.19
注：LOI为烧失量；A/NK=Al₂O₃/(Na₂O+K₂O)，A/CNK=Al₂O₃/(CaO+Na₂O+K₂O)；Mg^#=100×Mg(Mg+Fe)；δEu=2Eu_N/(Sm_N+Gd_N)，其中N表示球粒陨石标准化.

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表 3 努日石英闪长玢岩锆石Hf同位素组成

Table 3. Zircon Hf isotopic composition for the quartz diorite porpyrite in Nuri

测点	年龄(Ma)	¹⁷⁶Yb/¹⁷⁷Hf	2σ	¹⁷⁶Lu/¹⁷⁷Hf	2σ	¹⁷⁶Hf/¹⁷⁷Hf	2σ	ε_Hf(t)	t_DM1(Ma)	f_Lu-Hf	t_DM2(Ma)
01	96.5	0.029 052	0.000 142	0.000 655	0.000 004	0.283 090	0.000 026	13.3	226	-0.98	305
02	96.5	0.038 231	0.000 253	0.001 115	0.000 026	0.283 057	0.000 028	12.1	276	-0.97	382
03	96.5	0.021 540	0.000 285	0.000 465	0.000 004	0.283 037	0.000 023	11.5	300	-0.99	425
04	96.5	0.042 961	0.000 153	0.000 994	0.000 007	0.283 143	0.000 040	15.2	153	-0.97	187
05	96.5	0.046 856	0.000 507	0.001 172	0.000 034	0.282 998	0.000 034	10.0	361	-0.96	516
06	96.5	0.053 949	0.000 676	0.001 886	0.000 022	0.282 708	0.000 061	-0.3	790	-0.94	1173
07	96.5	0.045 458	0.000 392	0.001 529	0.000 023	0.283 006	0.000 031	10.3	353	-0.95	499
08	96.5	0.049 905	0.000 364	0.001 771	0.000 016	0.282 871	0.000 036	5.5	551	-0.95	806
09	96.5	0.039 083	0.000 272	0.000 917	0.000 006	0.283 080	0.000 028	13.0	242	-0.97	329
注：ε_Hf(t) = 10 000{[(¹⁷⁶Hf /¹⁷⁷Hf)_S-(176 Lu/177Hf)_S×(e^λt-1) ]/[(¹⁷⁶Hf /¹⁷⁷Hf)_{CHUR, 0} -( ¹⁷⁶ Lu /¹⁷⁷Hf)_CHUR×(e^λt-1)]-1}；t_DM1=1/λ×ln{1 +[(¹⁷⁶Hf /¹⁷⁷Hf)_S-(¹⁷⁶ Hf /¹⁷⁷ Hf)_DM]/[(¹⁷⁶ Lu /¹⁷⁷ Hf)_S-(¹⁷⁶ Lu/¹⁷⁷ Hf)_DM]}；t_DM2=1/λ×ln {1+[(¹⁷⁶ Hf/¹⁷⁷ Hf)_{S, t}-(¹⁷⁶ Hf/¹⁷⁷Hf)_{DM, t}]/[( ¹⁷⁶ Lu/¹⁷⁷ Hf)_C-(¹⁷⁶ Lu/¹⁷⁷ Hf)_DM]}+t；球粒陨石及亏损地幔现今的¹⁷⁶ Hf /¹⁷⁷ Hf和¹⁷⁶ Lu/¹⁷⁷ Hf同位素比值分别为0.282 772和0.033 2，0.283 25和0.038 4(Blichert-Toft and Albarède, 1997；Griffin et al., 2002)；λ=1.867×10^-11 a^-1(Söderlund et al., 2004)；( ¹⁷⁶ Lu/¹⁷⁷Hf)_C=0.015；t为锆石结晶年龄.

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参考文献(68)

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