中国阿尔泰东北部哈拉尔次花岗岩的年龄、成因及构造意义

田红彪; 陈有炘; 杨永强; 李伦

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2017.553

中国阿尔泰东北部哈拉尔次花岗岩的年龄、成因及构造意义

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.553

田红彪^1,2,,
陈有炘³,
杨永强^1, ,,
李伦¹

1.
中国地质大学地球科学与资源学院，北京100083
2.
中国人民武装警察部队黄金第八支队，新疆乌鲁木齐830057
3.
长安大学地球科学与资源学院，陕西西安710054

基金项目:

中国地质调查局地质调查项目 12120113071900

详细信息

作者简介:
田红彪(1969-)，男，高级工程师，主要从事区调研究

通讯作者:
杨永强

中图分类号: P581
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-06-12
- 刊出日期: 2017-10-18

Ages, Origin and Tectonic Significance of Halaerci Granites from Northeastern Part of Chinese Altay Mountains

1.
School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing100083, China
2.
No.8 Gold Geological Party of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Urumqi830057, China
3.
The School of Earth Science and Resources, Chang'an University, Xi'an710054, China

摘要

摘要: 在岩石地球化学研究基础上，揭示哈拉尔次花岗岩的成因、侵位时代及构造背景，进行锆石U-Pb及Nd同位素测试，并与阿尔泰造山带内其他花岗岩进行对比，有助于为阿尔泰造山带构造演化提供依据.出露于中阿尔泰构造带的哈拉尔次花岗岩主要岩石类型有花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩、正长花岗岩，LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学研究结果表明，其形成时代为454.8±2.4 Ma(MSWD=0.32)，为晚奥陶世岩浆活动产物.地球化学研究表明，岩石具有高硅、富碱、高钾(K₂O/Na₂O＞1)、低钛、低镁及低磷等地球化学特征，铝饱和指数(A/CNK)平均为1.05，CIPW计算中刚玉分子含量大于1，显示出高钾钙碱性过铝质花岗岩的特征；岩石轻稀土相对富集、重稀土平坦，有显著的Eu负异常，富集Th、Rb，亏损Sr、Ti、P等元素，有明显的Nb、Ta、Ti负异常，显示出火山弧花岗岩的特征；其接近于0的ε_Nd(t)(-2.0~+0.5) 和较老的两阶段模式(T_DM2)年龄(1.15~1.35 Ga)暗示其源区含有较多的壳源组分并有一定量幔源物质加入.综合分析研究表明，哈拉尔次花岗岩可能由富含白云母和黑云母的含泥质杂砂岩在较低压力和较高温度下经历部分熔融形成，其源区有斜长石、钛铁矿和磷灰石的残留，同时幔源物质有一定的混入，形成于活动大陆边缘挤压背景下，局部伸展减压以及异常地幔不均匀上升提供热量，导致中上地壳沉积物发生部分熔融并有少量的幔源物质混入，形成哈拉尔次花岗岩.
- 锆石U-Pb定年 /
- 地球化学 /
- 构造意义 /
- 花岗岩 /
- 阿尔泰
Abstract: In order to study the chronological, geochemical characteristics and tectonic setting of the Halaerci granite from Altay area, the LA-MC-ICPMS zircons U-Pb dating method was employed to assess the ages and Nd isotope composition, preceded by their petrologcial and geochemical studies. In addition, the authors aim to provide more evidences for the structural evolution of Altay tectonic belt by making a comparison with other granites from central Altay orogenic belt. The exposed Halaerci granites of central Altay tectonic belt are dominated by granodiorite, monzonite and syenogranite. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb chronology study suggests that formation age is from 454.8±2.4 Ma (MSWD=0.32), which belongs to the Late Ordovician magma activity. The study of geochemistry indicates that rock is characterized by high silicon, enriched alkali and high potassium (K₂O/Na₂O > 1) and low titanium, low magnesium and low phosphorus. Average (A/CNK) is 1.5 and corundum molecular content of CIPW calculation is greater than 1, which shows a high potassium calc-alkaline peraluminous granite characteristics. The granites are relatively enriched in light rare earth elements, while flat in heavy rare earth elements, with significant Eu negative anomaly, enrichment of Th and Rb, depletion of Sr, Ti and P elements, pronounced Nb, Ta and Ti negative anomalies, which shows the initial arc characteristic of magmatic rocks. Its ε_Nd(t) is close to 0 (-2.0 to 0.5) and old two-phase model (T_DM2) age (1.15 to 1.35) Ga indicate its source area contains more crust-derived source components with a certain amount mantle source materials. Comprehensive analysis and study suggest that Halaerci granites may be composed of partial melting of argillaceous sandstone enriched with muscovite and biotite under low pressure and high temperature. Its source area has residual plagioclase, ilmenite and apatite and mixed with mantle source materials at the same time. It is concluded that Halaerci granites formed in the active continental margin squeezing environment when the heat by local extentional stress reduction and abnormal uneven mantle materials rise led to partial melting of upper crust to mix with mantle source materials.
- zircon U-Pb dating /
- geochemistry /
- tectonic significance /
- granite /
- Altay

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图 1 中亚造山带构造位置(a)、阿尔泰造山带构造分区(b)及哈拉尔次花岗岩地质简图(c)

图a据何国琦等(1990)；图b据Windley et al.(2002)

Fig. 1. Tectonic position of Central Asian Orogenic Belt (a), tectonic division for Altay Orogenic Belt (b) and geological sketch of Halaerci granites in Altay Orogenic Belt (c)

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图 2 阿尔泰地区哈拉尔次花岗岩显微特征

a.二长花岗岩；b.正长花岗岩；c.花岗闪长岩.Bt.黑云母；Kfs.钾长石；Pl.斜长石；Qtz.石英

Fig. 2. Mircroscopic characteristics of Halaerci granites in Altay area

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图 3 哈拉尔次花岗岩中代表性锆石阴极发光图像

Fig. 3. Cathode light images of representative zircons from Halaerci granites in Altay area

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图 4 哈拉尔次花岗岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄

Fig. 4. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb age of Halaerci granites in Altay area

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图 5 阿尔泰地区哈拉尔次花岗岩体主量元素判别图解

图a据Peccerillo and Taylor(1976)；图b据Maniar and Piccoli(1989)

Fig. 5. Major element diagram of Halaerci granites in Altay area

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图 6 阿尔泰地区哈拉尔次花岗岩稀土配分模式和微量元素蛛网图

a.球粒陨石标准化值据Boynton(1984)；b.原始地幔标准值据Sun and McDonough (1989)

Fig. 6. Chondrite-normalized REE pattern and primitive mantle-normalized trace elements patterns for Halaerci granites in Altay area

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图 7 阿尔泰地区哈拉尔次花岗岩Na₂O-K₂O图解和ACF图解

据Collins(1982)

Fig. 7. Na₂O-K₂O diagram and ACF diagram for Halaerci granites in Altay area

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图 8 阿尔泰地区哈拉尔次花岗岩Nb-Nb/Ta图解

据Barth et al.(2000)

Fig. 8. Nb-Nb/Ta diagram for Halaerc granites in Altay area

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图 9 阿尔泰地区哈拉尔次花岗岩构造环境判别图解

图例如图 7.a.据Pearce et al.(1984)；b.据Harris et al.(1986)

Fig. 9. Diagrams of the tectonic setting for Halaerci granites in Altay area

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表 1 阿尔泰地区哈拉尔次花岗岩体(PM5-TW20) 锆石U-Pb同位素测试结果(LA-ICP-MS)

Table 1. LA-ICP-MS U-Pb isotopic data of zircon from Halaerci granites (PM5-TW20) in Altay area

点号	元素含量(10^-6)				同位素比值								表面年龄(Ma)
点号	Pb^Total	²³²Th	²³⁸U	Th/ U	²⁰⁷Pb/ ²⁰⁶Pb	1σ	²⁰⁷Pb/ ²³⁵U	1σ	²⁰⁶Pb/ ²³⁸U	1σ	²⁰⁸Pb/ ²³²Th	1σ	²⁰⁷Pb/ ²⁰⁶Pb	1σ	²⁰⁷Pb/ ²³⁵U	1σ	²⁰⁶Pb/ ²³⁸U	1σ	²⁰⁸Pb/ ²³²Th	1σ
1	85	223	533	0.42	0.053 1	0.002 6	0.534 2	0.025 2	0.073 3	0.001 1	0.022 3	0.000 8	332	111	435	17	456	6	446	16
2	74.9	177	528	0.34	0.058 3	0.002 5	0.588 9	0.025 5	0.073 1	0.000 9	0.023 0	0.000 9	539	94	470	16	455	6	459	17
3	126	267	1020	0.26	0.056 8	0.002 1	0.568 1	0.020 3	0.072 5	0.000 8	0.023 6	0.000 8	483	47	457	13	451	5	472	15
4	90.7	148	947	0.16	0.055 3	0.002 2	0.555 1	0.020 8	0.073 1	0.000 9	0.024 0	0.001 0	433	87	448	14	455	5	478	20
5	134	318	833	0.38	0.057 1	0.002 2	0.585 8	0.022 5	0.074 6	0.001 1	0.024 0	0.000 8	494	85	468	14	464	6	480	15
6	136	297	941	0.32	0.054 2	0.002 1	0.592 8	0.023 6	0.078 9	0.001 0	0.024 6	0.000 9	389	82	473	15	490	6	490	17
7	181	276	1 969	0.14	0.056 8	0.001 7	0.573 2	0.017 8	0.072 9	0.000 7	0.023 6	0.000 8	483	69	460	11	454	4	471	16
8	50.8	106	408	0.26	0.054 7	0.003 1	0.549 7	0.030 8	0.072 7	0.001 0	0.023 5	0.001 3	398	94	445	20	453	6	469	25
9	76.6	93.6	937	0.10	0.058 2	0.002 1	0.590 2	0.021 7	0.073 3	0.000 8	0.023 2	0.001 4	600	80	471	14	456	5	464	27
10	58.9	125	535	0.23	0.054 3	0.002 4	0.546 6	0.024 7	0.072 7	0.000 8	0.021 6	0.001 0	383	100	443	16	452	5	432	20
11	99	254	647	0.39	0.056 3	0.002 2	0.566 9	0.021 6	0.073 4	0.000 8	0.021 7	0.000 7	465	85	456	14	457	5	434	14
12	244	432	2 553	0.17	0.054 2	0.001 3	0.548 5	0.013 8	0.072 8	0.000 6	0.021 3	0.000 6	389	57	444	9	453	4	426	12
13	884	1211	9 553	0.13	0.054 9	0.001 3	0.612 6	0.014 0	0.080 3	0.000 8	0.022 6	0.000 6	406	52	485	9	498	5	452	11
14	350	555	2 316	0.24	0.070 9	0.002 6	0.720 7	0.027 4	0.072 8	0.000 8	0.033 9	0.001 6	954	76	551	16	453	5	674	31
15	121.1	203	1 338	0.15	0.053 9	0.001 8	0.550 4	0.019 1	0.073 2	0.001 0	0.020 9	0.000 8	369	71	445	13	455	6	417	17
16	233	782	798	0.98	0.052 9	0.001 9	0.534 6	0.019 4	0.072 9	0.000 9	0.021 3	0.000 6	324	83	435	13	454	5	427	12
17	241	411	798	0.51	0.061 8	0.002 0	0.982 4	0.031 7	0.114 6	0.001 6	0.036 2	0.001 1	665	75	695	16	699	9	719	21
18	107	217	856	0.25	0.051 7	0.001 9	0.532 3	0.020 5	0.074 2	0.000 9	0.024 6	0.000 9	272	92	433	14	461	6	490	17
19	118	236	1 174	0.20	0.054 3	0.001 7	0.551 9	0.017 4	0.073 0	0.000 8	0.020 7	0.000 8	383	64	446	11	454	5	414	16
20	90.5	161	976	0.16	0.055 9	0.002 2	0.566 8	0.022 4	0.072 7	0.000 8	0.021 7	0.001 0	450	119	456	15	453	5	434	20
21	161	492	679	0.73	0.055 3	0.002 5	0.564 7	0.025 2	0.073 6	0.001 0	0.023 0	0.000 8	433	102	455	16	458	6	459	15

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表 2 阿尔泰地区哈拉尔次花岗岩主量元素(%)、微量元素(10^-6)含量

Table 2. Major (%) and trace element (10^-6) concentration of Halaerci granites in Altay area

样品	PM5-GS5	PM5-GS20	PM6-GS4	PM6-GS15
岩性	二长花岗岩	正长花岗岩	花岗闪长岩	花岗闪长岩
SiO₂	66.37	67.12	64.03	65.73
TiO₂	0.66	0.65	1.22	0.88
Al₂O₃	15.79	15.07	14.52	15.31
Fe₂O₃	4.42	4.32	7.06	5.70
FeO	3.05	3.05	4.99	4.07
MnO	0.07	0.07	0.11	0.09
MgO	1.55	1.42	1.87	1.96
CaO	2.86	2.46	3.81	3.11
Na₂O	3.28	3.05	2.81	2.96
K₂O	3.77	4.18	2.82	3.53
P₂O₅	0.16	0.16	0.30	0.20
A/NKC	1.08	1.08	0.99	1.07
AR	2.22	2.41	1.89	2.09
σ43	2.16	2.19	1.56	1.92
Rb	158.64	178.10	162.27	155.80
Ba	453.12	474.51	227.30	522.41
Th	14.65	15.62	15.10	17.24
U	1.76	2.16	4.53	2.14
Ta	1.16	1.22	1.17	1.28
Nb	11.69	12.57	12.85	13.79
Sr	150.00	125.37	149.23	155.46
Zr	198.33	199.61	370.78	209.74
Hf	5.54	5.66	9.87	5.72
Sc	13.22	13.06	17.73	16.49
V	76.95	71.54	128.16	100.22
Cr	31.27	27.53	12.55	41.54
Mn	597.28	583.74	857.85	686.87
Co	89.69	116.93	73.09	118.10
Ni	23.34	21.03	13.79	29.32
Ga	19.10	18.38	21.78	19.46
Mo	0.09	0.11	0.21	0.64
Cs	12.23	12.53	10.89	10.26
Pb	26.87	28.20	18.39	23.14
La	32.24	31.54	35.57	41.80
Ce	71.11	68.32	77.74	87.88
Pr	8.54	8.37	9.89	10.55
Nd	32.98	33.00	41.29	42.23
Sm	7.65	7.90	10.30	9.07
Eu	1.45	1.34	1.87	1.60
Gd	7.38	7.39	11.05	8.39
Tb	1.23	1.32	1.88	1.33
Dy	7.85	8.45	11.64	7.96
Ho	1.61	1.77	2.41	1.66
Er	4.70	5.12	7.01	4.51
Tm	0.68	0.76	0.99	0.64
Yb	4.39	4.66	6.20	3.98
Lu	0.68	0.71	0.96	0.62
Y	46.04	50.03	67.03	45.07
∑REE	182.49	180.64	218.80	222.22
δEu	0.58	0.53	0.53	0.55
(La/Yb)_N	4.95	4.56	3.87	7.07

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表 3 阿尔泰地区哈拉尔次花岗岩Sr-Nd组成

Table 3. Sr-Nd isotope compositions for Halaerci granites in Altay area

样品	PM5-GS5	PM5-GS20	PM6-GS4	PM6-GS15
Rb	161.3	181.5	167.4	153.7
Sr	144.8	125.8	149.8	152.3
⁸⁷Rb/⁸⁶Sr	3.229	4.187	3.240	2.928
⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr	0.728 359	0.732 172	0.726 449	0.725 822
2σ	0.000 011	0.000 014	0.000 011	0.000 015
f_Rb/Sr	38.04	49.63	38.18	34.40
(⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i	0.707 43	0.705 03	0.705 45	0.706 84
Sm	7.341	7.947	10.406	8.936
Nd	32.65	33.80	42.34	42.01
¹⁴⁷Sm/¹⁴⁴Nd	0.136 1	0.142 3	0.148 8	0.128 8
¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd	0.512 357	0.512 425	0.512 519	0.512 393
2σ	0.000 009	0.000 012	0.000 011	0.000 010
ε_Nd(t)	-2.0	-1.0	+0.5	-0.8
T_DM	1 559	1 549	1 484	1 359
T_DM2	1 351	1 271	1 154	1 258
f_Sm/Nd	-0.31	-0.28	-0.24	-0.35
(¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd)_i	0.511 951	0.512 001	0.512 075	0.512 010
注：球粒陨石均一储库(CHUR)值为：⁸⁷Rb/⁸⁶Sr=0.082 7，⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr=0.704 5，¹⁴⁷Sm/¹⁴⁴Nd=0.196 7，¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd=0.512 638.λ_Rb=1.39×10^-11 a^-1，λ_Sm=6.54×10^-12 a^-1，t=455 Ma

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